基于GIS小流域规划系统的研发

以县南沟为例,结合小流域规划的特点及业务运作要求,讨论了开发基于GIS小流域规划系统的必要性,提出了规划系统的设计原则,进而讨论了系统各模块功能的实现方法。     

回归分析方法在库尔勒市农用地定级中的应用

使用库尔勒市3 089个农用地定级单元,在SPSS软件的基础上,用回归分析法选择农用地定级因素,确定各因素权重,并计算各定级单元总分,然后对总分作频率统计,绘制频率直方图,按农用地优劣的实际情况,选择频率曲线分布突变处为级间分界,划分农用地级别.     

Relating soil electrical conductivity to remote sensing and other soil properties for assessing soil salinity in northeast Thailand

Mapping and monitoring of soil salinity is required to establish its areal extent and also to keep track of changes in salinity in order to formulate appropriate and timely management strategies for reclamation and rehabilitation of such soils. Remote sensing data have been increasingly used in soil‐salinity studies as they are not only quicker but are also useful for making realistic predictions. A study was conducted in northeast Thailand to understand the relationship of spectral reflectance and physico‐chemical soil properties to electrical conductivity (EC) by using remote sensing data (Landsat® ETM+) and laboratory analysis of soil sample data. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between EC and spectral/soil properties and to generate several models. In the case of spectral properties, mid‐infrared band (Landsat® band 7) and near‐infrared (band 4) were found to be most correlated with the observed EC values of the surface layer of the soil. For the soil properties, chloride (Cl), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were found to be most correlated with observed EC values. Similarly, for the subsurface layer, Cl and P were found to be significant predictors of observed EC values. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Predicting survival of planted Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine seedlings on dry,low-elevation sites in southwestern Oregon

Four equations were developed for predicting the probability of Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) survival for the first (0–1) and first to third (1–3) growing seasons after applying mulching, scalping, or artificial shading (shade cards) treatments in plantations in southwestern Oregon, U.S.A. Variables describing conifer size, levels of competing vegetation, presence of silvicultural treatments, site factors, and climate factors were collected from 13 sites ranging from 0 to 6 years after planting and examined as potential predictors of survival. Age, stem diameter, a competition index for shrubs, severity of growing season at time of treatment, average annual precipitation, aspect, and slope angle were predictors of Douglas-fir survival during 0–1 and 1–3 growing seasons after treatment; the presence of silvicultural treatments was also a predictor only during the first growing season after treatment. Age, aspect, and slope angle were predictors of ponderosa pine survival over both 0–1 and 1–3 growing seasons after treatment; height-diameter ratio, competition indices for herbs, shrubs, and hardwoods, silvicultural treatment, severity of growing season at time of treatment, and average annual precipitation were also predictors only during the first growing season after treatment; crown width was a predictor of survival only during 1–3 growing seasons after treatment. When significant in the models, predicted probability of survival increases with treatments, less severe weather conditions, diameter, crown width, age, and precipitation; probability decreases with increasing height-diameter ratio and competition indices for herbs, shrubs, and hardwoods.     

Parameterization and regionalization of Cd sorption characteristics of sandy soils. II. Regionalization: Freundlich k estimates by pedotransfer functions

The aim was to describe Cd sorption in spatially variable sandy soils of the ‘Fuhrberger Feld’ catchment area as a prerequisite for prognosis of Cd transport in soil and of the threat of groundwater pollution. Thus, the possibility is evaluated to derive a generalized Freundlich equation based on multiple regressions relating the retention parameters k and M (from isotherm data of part 1 of this study) to basic soil properties (pedotransfer functions). For the parameter M (exponent), the correlation ‘measured vs estimated’ was weak (r² < 0.5) whereas k was well predictable by pedotransfer functions. The best regression was obtained if organic carbon (OC). clay content and H⁺ activity were combined as independent variables (r² up to 0.96). The obtained k values were much higher than those from comparable literature models, probably due to lower ionic strength and different composition of our background solutions used for the isotherms. As a critical evaluation, the estimates for k were used to derive solute Cd concentrations (C_est) which then were compared to measured data (range 0.1–3 μg L^?1). The best but still unsatisfactory r² was 0.77, obtained if G_est was compared to Cd in 0.01 M_c Ca(NO₃)₂ equilibria (Cd₀). Cd in fresh soil solution (Cd_z) showed no significant correlation with C_est, except for one relationship where OC had been excluded from the preceding multiple regression of k. Generally, the role of the variable OC remained unclear. Direct multiple regressions of measured solute Cd vs soil properties (bypassing k, no sorbed fraction) yielded much closer correlations, with r² = 0.9 for Cd₀ vs OC, H⁺ activity, clay (log data, OC decreases C) and r² = 0.7 for Cd₂ vs OC, H⁺ activity, clay (log data, OC enhances C).     

玉米灌浆后期百粒重变化的品种间差异分析

采用回归异质性测验法分析了黑龙江省８个玉米杂交种抽丝后３０～６０ｄ期间百粒重的变化。结果表明,此期间早熟和晚熟杂交种百粒重变化的回归系数差异显著,因而平均灌浆速率也有显著差异。     

双变数回归分析程序设计及其应用

选择８种双变数回归模型,采用ＢＡＳＩＣ语言设计双变数回归分析程序,使之为回归分析服务,经上机运行证明,程序简单实用,交互性强,在实际应用中,不但能自动比较不同模型的精度,以选出最佳方程,而且能及时进行回归模拟,查看回归曲线与实际观测点的吻合程度。     

回归分析在莴笋无土栽培营养液配方中的应用

采用回归分析法,通过盆栽试验,研究莴笋无土栽培营养液中大量元素的最优配方。结果表明,当营养液中Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ,ＫＮＯ３,ＮＨ４Ｈ２ＰＯ４,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ分别为１７４５,１１０７,１５,８９３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１时,能满足莴笋生长发育的需要而获得高产。同时还确定了最佳浓度范围及不同因子对植株产量影响的相对大小。这说明用回归分析法研究无土栽培营养液配方是切实可行的。     

高粱在盐胁迫下特定蛋白的表达及与耐盐性关系的研究

报道了通过统计学上逐步回归的方法,筛选出对植物耐盐性有显著贡献的蛋白质,并应用方差分析探讨上述蛋白质的最佳诱导条件,以便探明盐胁迫一特定蛋白一耐盐性之间的关系。结果表明: 由NaCl诱导的高粱耐盐性是众多蛋白质综合作用的结果,其中不受盐诱导的15. 5 kD根蛋白、受盐诱导的71. 4 kD叶蛋白对高粱耐盐性具有显著正贡     

榆林地区农田开发与粮食增产回归分析及潜力研究

陕西榆林地区１２个县,均为黄河流域水域流失重点是和贫困县,建国以来修水地,坝地,梯田３７．８万ｈｍ＾２,占粮田总面积６０％,该文采用回归分析方法,求出大田面积与大田作物单产的回归系数为４３．９,即每修１万ｈｍ＾２“三田”的增产效益要当于粮田总面积每１ｈｍ＾２,增产４３．９ｋｇ,３５ａ来“三田”总增产为７２６．６万,其相关系数为０．９９５５,为极显著正相关,１９９６年农民人均占有粮４４４ｋｇ,比１９